Wittgenstein considers Nietzsche a philosopher and indeed an important philosopher. To stress this fact is not superfluous because in the analytic tradition of philosophy, some of whose roots are located in the Vienna Circle, and to which the philosophers of the Vienna Circle gave powerful impulses, Nietzsche is considered merely as a literary figure. I propose to sketch the history of the Viennese reception of Nietzsche and contrast it with the Anglo-American image of Nietzsche.²