In this chapter the basic principles of parietal cortex anatomy will be described. In this context it is emphasized that there is lack of knowledge about the human parietal cortex in terms of neuroanatomical subregions compared to what is known from the monkey brain. However, based on the current anatomical knowledge different parcellation schemes are described. In addition, the inter- and intrahemispheric connectiviy of the human parietal cortex to other brain regions is estimated on the basis of what is known from monkey data. Finally, basic functional principles of the parietal cortex will be discussed.